Sometimes the work experience is called the years in which a person worked at a particular job. But if we consider the issue more seriously, this is not a very accurate definition.
Work experience is the periods that are counted by the Pension Fund when calculating a pension. That is, it is not enough just to do something and get paid for it. It is necessary that special deductions per person come to the FIU at this time. If there are no such payments, the period will not be included in the work experience.
The length of service affects the size of the pension. In order to receive an old-age insurance pension, a person needs to work for a certain number of years, for which contributions will be paid. In 2022, the minimum work experience for the appointment of this payment is 13 years, but this figure will grow. Accordingly, the more working years and the amount of contributions for them, the higher the pension will be.
If the length of service is not enough, then a person will be able to claim only a social payment Federal Law No. 166‑FZ of December 15, 2001 ("On State Pension Provision in the Russian Federation" . It is significantly less than the insurance pension. In 2022, the social payment was The number of pensioners and the average size of assigned pensions by type of pension provision and categories of pensioners in the Russian Federation / FIU 10.2 thousand rubles, and the insurance — 18 thousand. And a social pension is appointed five years later than an insurance one.
By default, no. The self-employed have no obligation to transfer contributions to the Pension Fund. Accordingly, there are no payments — there is no experience.
However, this does not apply to those who work under an employment contract and at the same time take projects as self-employed. In this case, the company — the main place of work — makes deductions. This is 22% of the salary. If a self‑employed person simultaneously cooperates with someone under a civil contract (GPH) as an individual, there are also payments. But here you need to carefully read the contract to make sure of the status. They also conclude a GPH contract with the self-employed, but there are no deductions for them.
At the same time, if a self-employed person wants to receive a pension in the future, he can buy a work experience.
The self-employed have no obligation to pay insurance premiums to the FIU, but they have the right to do so voluntarily.
The FIU has a price list for this case. There are minimum prices for the purchase of 12 months of experience. They depend on the year: in 2022 it is 34,445 rubles The Tax Code of the Russian Federation, Article 430 "The amount of insurance premiums paid by payers who do not make payments and other remuneration to individuals" . The amounts will grow. If you deposit less money, the length of service will be recalculated in proportion to the contribution.
Contributions are converted into an individual pension coefficient (IPC), which in the future affects the size of the pension. You can pay in the FIU and more to increase the IPC. However, there is also an upper limit for contributions: in 2022 it is 275,560 rubles.
To pay the contributions for the year, you need to transfer them by December 31. It will not be possible to do this retroactively.
Statement Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 462n dated May 31, 2017 "On Approval of the Rules for Submitting an Application for Voluntary Entry into Legal relations on Mandatory pension insurance and an application for Termination of Legal relations on mandatory pension insurance" the desire to make voluntary contributions can be submitted at the nearest branch of the FIU or through the personal account.
To do this, select the item "on voluntary entry into legal relations under the OPS".
Fill out the application.
As a basis for registration, select the item that you are a payer of professional income tax.
You will also need to specify the date of registration as self-employed and the source of information about it. You can view the date in the My Tax application, specify it as the source.
From 2023, the situation will change. Instead of the FIU and the Social Insurance Fund, the Pension and Social Insurance Fund will work. You will need to pay contributions there already. But so far, the department does not have a website.
There is no definite answer here, because people are different and their plans for life are also different. And a lot more depends on optimism and the belief that by the time you retire, the pension system will be in the same form as it exists now.
At the moment, the insurance pension is almost twice as large as the social one. But both amounts are small. It is impossible to predict how they will change over the years. If you invest money instead of contributions, then this amount will also clearly not be enough to provide yourself with a pension. So, if you invest 34.5 thousand — the amount of the contribution for 2022 — at 10% with capitalization, then in 10 years they will turn into a little more than 90 thousand rubles. For example, if it is relatively safe to invest everything that you do not spend on contributions, in 10 years it can give about a million, which is not so much.
So weigh the pros and cons before making a decision. What you definitely shouldn't do is not to think about life in old age at all.
